Jiji-Mulembwe: les bassins versants et les ouvrages
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Jiji-Mulembwe: les bassins versants et les ouvrages

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 Les  les bassins versants et les ouvrages

Une équipe de la Banque Mondiale, bailleur principal du Projet de construction des deux centrales hydroélectriques de Jiji et de Mulembwe a visité les sites des aménagements de Jiji et de Mulembwe en dates du 12 au 14 juin 2023. L’objectif de la descente s’inscrit dans le cadre d’appui de la Banque au Gouvernement du Burundi qui prend en charge les actions de gestion et de protection des bassins versants de la zone du Projet, afin de prévenir des menaces d’inondation sur les ouvrages en construction, aujourd’hui et dans les années à venir. Les aménagements hydroélectriques de Jiji et Mulembwe sont destinés à une durée de vie de plus de cent ans et revêtent un caractère primordial pour le Burundi de par l’mportance de la production attendue des deux centrales, un projet d’envergure pour le pays et sa population.

 

Les centrales hydroélectriques de Jiji et de Mulembwe se retrouvent en aval des reliefs accidentés avec une intense activité agro-pastorale des populations des communes Songa, Buyengero et Bururi ce qui favorise une perte énorme de sédiments suite à l’érosion. L’urgence d’un sous-projet de gestion et de protection des bassins versants de la zone du Projet Jiji-Mulembwe trouve le fondement dans ce cadre. Et le Gouvernement n’hésite pas à mettre le paquet adéquat à protéger les ouvrages de son méga-projet dont la construction repose sur les appuis techniques et financiers des partenaires au développement, en l’occurrence la Banque Mondiale, la Banque Africaine de Développement, l’Union Européenne et la Banque Européenne d’Investissement.

Et pour réussir le pari de la maîtrise de l’érosion dans les bassins versants de Jiji et Mulembwe, des orientations issues des échanges ont été formulées. Il s’agit d’abord pour le constructeur des aménagements de Jiji et Mulembwe de prendre ses responsabilités quant aux respects des normes conformément à son plan de gestion environnemental et social. Ce volet va de pair avec la gestion des eaux de ruissellement liées aux travaux des routes d’accès avec les canalisations qui s’imposent, l’aménagement des zones de rebut avant la remise aux propriétaires pour l’exploitation future. 

Au Gouvernement du Burundi, la Banque Mondiale attend une meilleure coordination de l’interface entre les intervenants en matière de gestion des bassins versants à savoir la Société SHER exécutant le travail pour le compte du Maître de l’ouvrage, étant donné que certaines actions vont se greffer sur le point d’arrivée des interventions de l’Entreprise en charge des aménagements de Jiji et de Mulembwe. Ainsi, un plan d’action de l’un et de l’autre constitue le point de départ à cette coordination.

Quels ouvrages?

Les ouvrages en construction nécessiteux de cette protection sont les barrages, les dessableurs et les centrales qui s’érigent somptueusement et respectivement sur les rivières Jiji et Mulembwe. Les lacs de retenue et leurs alentours constitués de zones tampons seront privés de toute activité et de toute agression succeptible de charier de quelconques éléments nuisibles à la salubrité de l’eau ayant la destination de parcourir le trajet des adductions réglementaires avant d’aboutir à la destination fantastique de tirbuner les machines respsonsables de la production des 49,5MW tant attendus.

 

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PHJIMU

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